January 10 Totally Explained

Events

49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
236 - Saint Fabian begins his reign as a Catholic Pope.
1072 - Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo.
1475 - Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.
1645 - Archbishop William Laud is beheaded at the Tower of London
1776 - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense.
1806 - Dutch settlers in Cape Town surrender to the British.
1810 - The marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled.
1861 - American Civil War: Florida secedes from the Union.
1863 - The London Underground, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between London Paddington station and Farringdon station.
1870 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
1899 - Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity was founded.
1901 - The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
1920 - The League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
1922 - Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Irish Free State.
1923 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
1927 - The film Metropolis by Fritz Lang premieres.
1929 - Tintin, a comic book character created by Hergé, makes his debut. He went on to be published in over 200 million comic books in 40 languages.
1941 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the US Congress.
1946 - The first General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. Fifty-one nations are represented.
1957 - Harold Macmillan becomes the prime minister of the United Kingdom.
1962 - Apollo Project: NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket booster. It became better known as the Saturn V moon rocket, which launched every Apollo moon mission.
1982 - The Catch - Dwight Clark of the San Francisco 49ers makes a leaping catch from Joe Montana with 58 seconds to play to defeat the Dallas Cowboys 28-27 in the NFC Championship Game at Candlestick Park.
1984 - The US and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations after 117 years.
1989 - Cuban troops begin withdrawing from Angola.
1990 - Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.
1995 - The World Youth Day was held in the Philippines.
1999 - A large piece of the chalk cliff at Beachy Head collapses into the sea.
1999 - The HBO television series The Sopranos first aires.
2000 - America Online announces an agreement to buy Time Warner for $162 billion, the largest corporate merger in history.
2001 - Wikipedia starts as part of Nupedia. It becomes a separate site five days later.
2005 - A mudslide occurs in La Conchita, CA, killing 10 people, injuring many more and closing the Highway 101, the main coastal corridor between San Francisco and Los Angeles, for 10 days.
2005 - Eyre Peninsula Bushfire in South Australia kills nine and injures 113.

Births

1480 - Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands (d. 1530)

1538 - Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (d. 1574)

1573 - Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)

1607 - Isaac Jogues, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1646)

1628 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)

1638 - Nicolas Steno, Danish geologist (d. 1686)

1644 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French marshal (d. 1711)

1654 - Joshua Barnes, English scholar (d. 1712)

1702 - Johannes Zick, German fresco painter (d. 1762)

1715 - Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1775)

1721 - Johann Philipp Baratier, German scholar (d. 1740)

1729 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (d. 1799)

1738 - Ethan Allen, American Revolution military leader (d. 1789)

1769 - Michel Ney, French marshal (d. 1815)

1797 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (d. 1848)

1810 - Jeremiah S. Black, American statesman (d. 1883)

1812 - Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect (d. 1881)

1815 - Sir John Alexander Macdonald, First Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)

1828 - Herman Koeckemann, German Catholic prelate (d. 1892)

1840 - Louis Nazaire Bégin, French Canadian archbishop and cardinal (d. 1925)

1843 - Frank James, American outlaw (d. 1915)

1849 - Francisco Ferrer Guardia, Spanish free-thinker (d. 1909)

1836 - Charles Ingalls, father of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1902)

1850 - John Wellborn Root, American architect (d. 1891)

1858 - Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929)

1864 - Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia, son of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich (d. 1931)

1865 - Mary Ingalls, sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928)

1869 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian monk (d. 1916)

1873 - George Orton, Canadian athlete (d. 1958)

1873 - Jack O'Neill, Irish-born baseball player (d. 1935)

1883 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (d. 1966)

1883 - Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Russian writer (d. 1945)

1887 - Robinson Jeffers, American poet (d. 1962)

1890 - Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (d. 1957)

1903 - Barbara Hepworth, British sculptor (d. 1975)

1903 - Voldemar Väli, Estonian wrestler, Olympic medalist (d. 1997)

1903 - Violet Wilkey, American actress (d. 1976)

1904 - Ray Bolger, American actor/dancer (d. 1987)

1908 - Paul Henreid, Austrian actor (d. 1993)

1908 - Bernard Lee, British actor (d. 1981)

1912 - Maria Mandel, Camp leader at Auschwitz (d. 1948)

1913 - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991)

1913 - Mehmet Shehu, Albanian politician (d. 1981)

1914 - Yu Kuo-hwa, former Premier of Taiwan (d. 2000)

1916 - Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2004)

1916 - Don Metz, Canadian ice hockey player

1917 - Jerry Wexler, American record producer

1918 - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana

1920 - Max Patkin, American baseball player (d. 1999)

1920 - Georges Marchal, French actor (d. 1997)

1921 - Rodger Ward, American race car driver (d. 2004)

1924 - Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Canadian ballet dancer, choreographer and director (Les Grands Ballets Canadiens) (d. 1996)

1924 - Max Roach, American percussionist, drummer, and composer (d. 2007)

1927 - Gisele MacKenzie, Canadian singer (d. 2003)

1927 - Johnnie Ray, American singer (d. 1990)

1927 - Otto Stich, Swiss politician

1928 - Philip Levine, American poet

1930 - Roy Edward Disney, American film executive

1931 - Peter Barnes, English writer (d. 2004)

1932 - Elaine Devry, American actress

1933 - Anton Rogers, British actor

1934 - Leonid Kravchuk, Ukrainian politician

1935 - Ronnie Hawkins, American musician, pioneering Rock And Roll Rockabilly Hall of Fame

1935 - Sherrill Milnes, American baritone

1936 - Stephen Ambrose, American historian (d. 2002)

1936 - Robert Woodrow Wilson, American physicist and radio astronomer, Nobel laureate

1937 - Thomas Penfield Jackson, American judge

1938 - Donald Knuth, American mathematician and computer scientist

1938 - Willie McCovey, American baseball player

1938 - Frank Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and Canadian Senator

1939 - William Levy, Dutch writer

1939 - Sal Mineo, American actor (d. 1976)

1939 - Bill Toomey, American athlete

1939 - Scott McKenzie, American singer

1939 - Jared Carter, American poet

1940 - Guy Chevrette, Quebec politician

1942 - Walter Hill, American film director

1943 - Jim Croce, American singer (d. 1973)

1944 - Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer

1944 - Rory Byrne, South African racing car designer

1944 - Bernard Derome, French Canadian news presenter (Le Téléjournal)

1945 - Jennifer Moss, English Actress (d. 2006)

1945 - Rod Stewart, Scottish singer

1945 - Edward Wiskoski, American professional wrestler

1947 - Afeni Shakur, mother of Tupac "2Pac" Shakur, member of the Black Panther Party

1948 - Donald Fagen, American keyboardist, singer and songwriter (Steely Dan)

1948 - Teresa Graves, American actress and singer (d. 2002)

1948 - Mischa Maisky, Latvian cellist

1948 - William Sanderson, American actor

1948 - Bernard Thévenet, French cyclist

1949 - George Foreman, American boxer

1949 - James Lapine, American stage director

1949 - Linda Lovelace, American pornographic actress (d. 2002)

1952 - Scott Thurston, American musician, songwriter

1953 - Pat Benatar, American singer

1953 - Dennis Cooper, American author

1953 - Bobby Rahal, American race car driver

1955 - Michael Schenker, German guitarist (UFO)

1956 - Shawn Colvin, American singer

1956 - Antonio Muñoz Molina, Spanish writer

1957 - Greg Walden, GOP U.S. House Of Representatives, Oregon

1958 - Anatoly Pisarenko, Soviet weightlifter

1959 - Fran Walsh, New Zealand screenwriter

1960 - Benoît Pelletier, Quebec politician

1961 - Evan Handler, American actor

1961 - Janet Jones, American actress; wife of Wayne Gretzky

1963 - Mark Pryor, American politician

1964 - Brad Roberts, Canadian singer (Crash Test Dummies)

1965 - Butch Hartman, American animator

1970 - Marcus Bagwell, American professional wrestler

1970 - Alisa Maric, Serbian-American chess grandmaster

1972 - Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian cross-country skier

1972 - Brian Lawler, American professional wrestler

1973 - Ryan Drummond, American voice actor

1973 - Glenn Robinson, American basketball player

1974 - Steve Marlet, French footballer

1974 - Hrithik Roshan, Indian actor

1974 - Akari Kaida, Japanese composer

1975 - Jake Delhomme, American football player

1976 - Adam Kennedy, American baseball personality

1980 - Matt Roney, American baseball player

1980 - Luke Irish Angelo,Engineer Pakistan International Container Terminal

1981 - Brian Joo, Korean-American singer

1982 - Josh Ryan Evans, American actor (d. 2002)

1983 - Danilo Dirani, Brazilian racing driver

Deaths

681 - Pope Agatho

976 - John I Tzimiskes, Greek Byzantine Emperor (b. 925)

1094 - Caliph Al-Mustansir of Cairo (b. 1029)

1276 - Pope Gregory X (bc. 1210)

1645 - William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1573)

1698 - Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (b. 1637)

1707 - Philibert, comte de Gramont, French writer (b. 1621)

1754 - Edward Cave, English editor and publisher (b. 1691)

1761 - Edward Boscawen, British admiral (b. 1711)

1775 - Yemelyan Pugachev, Russian rebel

1777 - Spranger Barry, Irish actor (b. 1719)

1778 - Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist (b. 1707)

1794 - Georg Forster, German scientist and revolutionary (d. 1754)

1811 - Marie-Joseph Chénier, French poet (b. 1764)

1828 - François de Neufchâteau, French statesman and intellectual figure (b. 1750)

1833 - Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)

1851 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (b. 1775)

1862 - Samuel Colt, American inventor (b. 1814)

1866 - Pyotr Pletnyov, Russian poet (b. 1792)

1883 - Dr Samuel A. Mudd, American medical doctor (b. 1833)

1895 - Benjamin Godard, French composer (b. 1849)

1904 - Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter and sculptor (b. 1824)

1905 - Kārlis Baumanis, Latvian composer (b. 1835)

1917 - William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, American frontiersman (b. 1846)

1934 - Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting the Reichstag fire (b. 1909)

1941 - Frank Bridge, English composer (b. 1879)

1941 - Sir John Lavery, Northern Irish artist (b. 1856)

1941 - Joe Penner, Hungarian-born comedian and actor (b. 1904)

1949 - Erich von Drygalski, German geographer, geophysicist, and polar scientist (b. 1865)

1951 - Sinclair Lewis, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)

1951 - Yoshio Nishina, Japanese physicist (b. 1890)

1957 - Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)

1960 - Jack Laviolette, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1879)

1961 - Dashiell Hammett, American writer (b. 1894)

1970 - Pavel Belyayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1925)

1971 - Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel, French fashion designer (b. 1883)

1972 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (b. 1897)

1976 - Howlin' Wolf, American musician (b. 1910)

1978 - Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1924)

1980 - Hughie Critz, American baseball player (b. 1900)

1980 - George Meany, American labor leader (b. 1894)

1980 - Bo Rein, American college football coach (b. 1945)

1981 - Katherine Alexander, American actress (b. 1898)

1981 - Richard Boone, American actor (b. 1917)

1981 - Fawn M. Brodie, American historian (b. 1915)

1982 - Paul Lynde, American comedian (b. 1926)

1985 - Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (b. 1906)

1986 - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901)

1987 - Marion Hutton, American singer and actress (b. 1919)

1987 - Sir David Robinson, British philanthropist and entrepreneur (b. 1904)

1989 - Herbert Morrison, American radio reporter (b. 1905)

1992 - Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (b. 1919)

1997 - Elspeth Huxley, British journalist and writer (b. 1907)

1997 - Sheldon Leonard, American producer, actor, and director (b. 1907)

1997 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)

2000 - Sam Jaffe, American producer (b. 1901)

2002 - W.A. Criswell, American (Baptist) preacher (b. 1909)

2004 - Spalding Gray, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1941)

2004 - Alexandra Ripley, American author (b. 1934)

2005 - Gene Baylos, American comedian (b. 1906)

2005 - Margherita Carosio, Italian soprano (b. 1908)

2005 - Joséphine-Charlotte, Grandduchess of Luxembourg (b. 1927)

2005 - Metropolitan Wasyly Fedak, primate of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada (b. 1909)

2005 - James Forman, American civil rights leader (b. 1928)

2005 - Kalevi Hämäläinen, Finnish cross country skier (b. 1932)

2005 - Erwin Hillier, British cinematographer (b. 1911)

2005 - Gordon John "Jack" Horner, American sports journalist (b. 1912)

2007 - Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer (b. 1912)

2007 - Bradford Washburn, American explorer (b. 1910)

Holidays and observances

Roman Catholic Church

Peter Orseolo, Doge of Venice and saint

Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic Church: St. Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa. Brother of St. Basil the Great

Coptic Church:

Obadiah

Margaret Thatcher day

in the Falkland Islands

January 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

External results

Click here for more details on January 10

External Link Exchanges

Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:

<a href="http://january_10.totallyexplained.com">January 10 Totally Explained</a>

Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned.